{"id":12040,"date":"2017-12-22T11:12:28","date_gmt":"2017-12-22T08:12:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iibsblogsstg.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=12040\/"},"modified":"2025-08-13T11:34:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T11:34:52","slug":"viemos-afastar-escuridao-cancao-de-hanukkah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/viemos-afastar-escuridao-cancao-de-hanukkah\/","title":{"rendered":"Viemos Afastar a Escurid\u00e3o (Can\u00e7\u00e3o de Hanukkah)"},"content":{"rendered":"

ONDE EST\u00c1 O MILAGRE?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoje continuamos nossas reflex\u00f5es sobre o Hanukkah.\u00a0A \u00faltima vez, seguimos a narrativa do Primeiro livro de Macabeus, que conta os eventos que Hanukkah comemora.\u00a0Vimos que, depois de uma s\u00e9rie de batalhas, os Macabeus reconquistaram milagrosamente o Templo.\u00a0Eles come\u00e7aram a limp\u00e1-lo e restaur\u00e1-lo e finalmente conseguiram rededic\u00e1-lo no vig\u00e9simo quinto dia de Kislev:<\/p>\n

4:54 O altar foi dedicado… no mesmo dia em que originalmente os Gentios o tinham profanado.<\/em><\/p>\n

4:55\u00a0Todo o povo se prostrou em adora\u00e7\u00e3o e depois glorificou o C\u00e9u que lhes concedia sucesso.<\/em><\/p>\n

4:56 Durante oito dias celebraram a dedica\u00e7\u00e3o do altar, oferecendo alegremente holocaustos e sacrif\u00edcios de comunh\u00e3o e a\u00e7\u00e3o de gra\u00e7as.<\/em><\/p>\n

Como sabemos, em mem\u00f3ria dessa dedica\u00e7\u00e3o o Hanukkah foi estabelecido como uma celebra\u00e7\u00e3o de oito dias (a palavra Hebraica \u05d7\u05b2\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc\u05db\u05b8\u05bc\u05d4, Hanukkah<\/em>, pode ser traduzida como “inaugura\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d, \u201cdedica\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d, \u201cconsagra\u00e7\u00e3o”).\u00a0No entanto, tamb\u00e9m h\u00e1 alguns detalhes muito interessantes desta descri\u00e7\u00e3o que n\u00e3o devemos perder \u2013e este ser\u00e1 nosso foco para hoje\u2013.<\/p>\n

Em primeiro lugar, onde est\u00e1 o milagre do azeite e da menor\u00e1?\u00a0Hoje toda crian\u00e7a Judia conhece a hist\u00f3ria do Hanukkah: os Macabeus queriam acender a Menor\u00e1 do Templo;\u00a0eles encontraram apenas um suprimento de azeite que n\u00e3o estava contaminado, suficiente para um dia;\u00a0pela f\u00e9, eles acenderam a menor\u00e1 e milagrosamente, esse suprimento de azeite para um dia durou oito dias.\u00a0Este \u00e9 o milagre de Hanukkah que celebramos hoje \u2013mas n\u00e3o est\u00e1 no texto\u2013.\u00a0No livro de Primeiro Macabeus est\u00e3o os mais antigos e os \u00fanicos testemunhos oculares da hist\u00f3ria do Hanukkah \u2013e para nossa grande surpresa, n\u00e3o encontramos o milagre do azeite l\u00e1\u2013.\u00a0O texto apenas nos conta sobre a vit\u00f3ria militar e a rededica\u00e7\u00e3o do Templo;\u00a0a dedica\u00e7\u00e3o realmente continua por oito dias, mas n\u00e3o h\u00e1 explica\u00e7\u00e3o por que, nenhuma palavra sobre o milagre.<\/p>\n

A ess\u00eancia da celebra\u00e7\u00e3o do Hanukkah mudou durante o per\u00edodo Rab\u00ednico, e encontramos esta explica\u00e7\u00e3o no Talmud Babil\u00f4nico, tractate\u00a0Shabbat<\/em> 21b:<\/p>\n

“Porque quando os Gregos entraram no Templo, eles contaminaram todos os azeites, e quando a dinastia Hasmoneana prevaleceu e os derrotou, eles buscaram e encontraram apenas um frasco de azeite que estava com o selo do Sumo Sacerdote, mas que continha o suficiente apenas para um dia de ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o;\u00a0no entanto, um milagre foi efetuado a\u00ed e eles acenderam [a l\u00e2mpada] durante oito dias.\u00a0No ano seguinte, esses [dias] foram escolhidos como um Festival como [o recital de] Hallel e a\u00e7\u00e3o de gra\u00e7as”.<\/p>\n

Assim, a partir da descri\u00e7\u00e3o de Primeiro Macabeus, fica claro que a celebra\u00e7\u00e3o original era sobre a vit\u00f3ria militar e a rededica\u00e7\u00e3o do Templo.\u00a0Mesmo que o milagre do azeite tenha ocorrido, o livro de Primeiro (e tamb\u00e9m Segundo) Macabeus n\u00e3o o menciona.\u00a0No entanto, o foco da celebra\u00e7\u00e3o foi trocado ao longo dos s\u00e9culos: em vez de celebrar o sucesso militar dos Macabeus, o Festival do Hanukkah tornou-se uma celebra\u00e7\u00e3o do Milagre Divino e da Luz Divina.\u00a0Este \u00e9 o Hanukkah como conhecemos hoje \u2013o Festival das Luzes\u2013 Chag Urim<\/em>.<\/p>\n

A LUZ BRILHA NA ESCURID\u00c3O<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e1 uma pergunta adicional que podemos fazer a n\u00f3s mesmos sobre a descri\u00e7\u00e3o de Primeiro Macabeus.\u00a0Seria de se esperar que a reconquista e rededica\u00e7\u00e3o do Templo constituiriam a culmina\u00e7\u00e3o, o cl\u00edmax da hist\u00f3ria \u2013seu “final feliz” por assim dizer\u2013.\u00a0No entanto, o livro tem dezesseis cap\u00edtulos \u2013e a rededica\u00e7\u00e3o do Templo ocorre no final do cap\u00edtulo 4\u2013 ent\u00e3o o que acontece nos doze cap\u00edtulos seguintes?<\/p>\n

Eu direi que \u2013esses cap\u00edtulos est\u00e3o cheios de a\u00e7\u00f5es militares\u2013 de batalhas, de vit\u00f3rias e derrotas, e isso \u00e9 muito importante.\u00a0N\u00e3o \u00e9 comumente sabido que os Macabeus\u00a0n\u00e3o obtiveram<\/em> sua independ\u00eancia com a reconquista do Templo.\u00a0Ant\u00edoco ainda era seu governante, e as tropas S\u00edrias ainda ocupavam Eretz Yisrael e at\u00e9 mesmo a maior parte de Jerusal\u00e9m.\u00a0A luz do primeiro Hanukkah realmente brilhou no meio da escurid\u00e3o!\u00a0E aqui vemos o significado prof\u00e9tico deste Festival: trata-se da luz superando a escurid\u00e3o!\u00a0Muitas vezes, as comemora\u00e7\u00f5es do Hanukkah come\u00e7am em plena escurid\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o a luz de uma vela \u2013a primeira vela do Hanukkah\u2013 penetra na escurid\u00e3o e, ent\u00e3o \u2013mais velas e mais luzes\u2013. \u00c9 muito bonito e muito impressionante! Uma das can\u00e7\u00f5es principais cantadas durante o Hanukkah \u00e9 chamada BANU CHOSHECH LEGARESH \u2013”VIEMOS PARA AFASTAR A ESCURID\u00c3O”\u2013 e esse \u00e9, de fato, o sentimento predominante que se tem durante essas celebra\u00e7\u00f5es: a Luz Divina supera a mais escura das trevas.<\/p>\n

AINDA MAIS PROF\u00c9TICO<\/strong><\/p>\n

At\u00e9 agora, voc\u00eas provavelmente concordariam que o Hanukkah \u00e9 na verdade um festival muito prof\u00e9tico \u2013mas espere at\u00e9 ouvir a leitura dos profetas (Haftarah) para o Hanukkah\u2013. O Haftarah para o Shabbat de Hanukkah vem do profeta Zacarias, onde lemos sobre Zacarias encorajando o povo de Jud\u00e1 a reconstruir o Templo que havia sido destru\u00eddo em 586 A.C.\u00a0Podemos ver que o tema do Templo desta leitura certamente liga o Hanukkah a esta Escritura.\u00a0No entanto, \u00e9 a se\u00e7\u00e3o final deste Haftarah que adiciona profundidade prof\u00e9tica adicional ao Hanukkah.\u00a0Zacarias est\u00e1 tendo uma vis\u00e3o: \u201cOlho, e eis um candelabro todo de ouro, e um vaso de azeite em cima com as suas sete l\u00e2mpadas e sete tubos, um para cada uma das l\u00e2mpadas que est\u00e3o em cima do candelabro.\u00a03\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong>Junto a este duas oliveiras, uma \u00e0 direita do vaso de azeite, e a outra \u00e0 sua esquerda.” Quando Zacarias pede uma explica\u00e7\u00e3o, o Senhor responde:<\/p>\n

“N\u00e3o por for\u00e7a nem por poder,<\/em><\/p>\n

mas pelo Meu Esp\u00edrito,<\/em><\/p>\n

diz o Senhor dos ex\u00e9rcitos”.[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

CHAG URIM SAMEACH<\/strong>!<\/p>\n

FELIZ HANUKKAH!<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

[1]<\/a> Zacarias 4:2,4<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ONDE EST\u00c1 O MILAGRE? Hoje continuamos nossas reflex\u00f5es sobre o Hanukkah.\u00a0A \u00faltima vez, seguimos a narrativa do Primeiro livro de Macabeus, que conta os eventos que Hanukkah comemora.\u00a0Vimos que, depois de uma s\u00e9rie de batalhas, os Macabeus reconquistaram milagrosamente o Templo.\u00a0Eles come\u00e7aram a limp\u00e1-lo e restaur\u00e1-lo e finalmente conseguiram rededic\u00e1-lo no vig\u00e9simo quinto dia de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":12034,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[395],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jewish-studies"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nViemos Afastar a Escurid\u00e3o (Can\u00e7\u00e3o de Hanukkah) - Israel Institute of Biblical Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"ONDE EST\u00c1 O MILAGRE? 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