{"id":13099,"date":"2019-10-16T20:48:57","date_gmt":"2019-10-16T17:48:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iibsblogsstg.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=13099"},"modified":"2025-08-13T11:38:35","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T11:38:35","slug":"o-ultimo-e-grande-dia-da-festa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/o-ultimo-e-grande-dia-da-festa\/","title":{"rendered":"O \u00daltimo e Grande Dia da Festa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jol Ham\u00f3ed<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Ainda estamos nos \u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios de Sukk\u00f3t<\/em>\u00bb (Festa dos Tabern\u00e1culos), e provavelmente \u00e9 um bom momento para esclarecer essa express\u00e3o: o que realmente significa quando dizemos: Jol Ham\u00f3ed<\/em>\u00a0(\u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios de Sukk\u00f3t<\/em>\u00bb)?<\/p>\n

Em Lev\u00edtico 23, lemos sobre\u00a0Moad\u00e9i Adon\u00e1i \u2014<\/i>as festas b\u00edblicas\u2014,\u00a0os momentos especiais do Senhor\u00a0encontrando com seu povo.\u00a0Existem apenas dois festivais nesta lista que t\u00eam alguns dias entre o primeiro e o \u00faltimo dia do feriado.\u00a0Lemos que no primeiro e no s\u00e9timo dia da P\u00e1scoa haver\u00e1 <\/span>\u00abuma santa convoca\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span>\u00bb e o descanso do Shabbat\u00a0<\/i>sem trabalho;\u00a0e no primeiro e no oitavo dia da Festa dos Tabern\u00e1culos ser\u00e1\u00a0<\/span>\u00abuma santa convoca\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span>\u00bb\u00a0e o descanso do Shabbat\u00a0<\/i>sem trabalho.\u00a0Os dias entre esses primeiros e \u00faltimos dias s\u00e3o chamados de\u00a0<\/span>\u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios<\/span>\u00bb\u00a0do festival: Jol Ham\u00f3ed<\/i>.\u00a0Nestes dias, nos cumprimentamos com as palavras:\u00a0Moad\u00edm leSimj\u00e1 <\/i>(literalmente:\u00a0<\/span>\u00abMomentos de Alegria<\/span>\u00bb, mas suponho que apenas um\u00a0<\/span>\u00abBoas Festas!<\/span>\u00bb\u00a0seria uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o mais adequada), e muitas pessoas ainda trabalham, embora a atmosfera seja muito festiva e as pequenas cabanas <\/span>\u2014sukk\u00f3t<\/span><\/i>\u2014\u00a0estejam por toda parte.\u00a0\u00c9 habitual e considerado uma grande b\u00ean\u00e7\u00e3o ter convidados em sua sukk\u00e1<\/i>.\u00a0No meu \u00faltimo post, eu falei sobre esse costume, e para aqueles que ainda n\u00e3o viram um filme maravilhoso de Israel,\u00a0Ushpiz\u00edn<\/i>, eu recomendo assistir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hoje vamos falar sobre um dia intermedi\u00e1rio muito especial, o s\u00e9timo dia de Sukk\u00f3t<\/em>, que ocorre pouco antes do final do feriado.\u00a0\u00c9 chamado Hoshan\u00e1\u00a0Rab\u00e1\u00a0e<\/em>\u00a0\u00e9 considerado o dia final do \u00abjulgamento\u00bb divino \u2014o dia em que os decretos do Yom Kipp\u00far\u00a0<\/em>e Rosh Hashan\u00e1\u00a0<\/em>s\u00e3o finalizados\u2014.\u00a0Este \u00e9 um dia de ora\u00e7\u00e3o e arrependimento, e alguns textos Judaicos o descrevem como um dia do julgamento, semelhante ao pr\u00f3prio Yom Kipp\u00far<\/em>.<\/p>\n

O servi\u00e7o da sinagoga neste dia difere de todos os outros dias do Sukk\u00f3t<\/i>.\u00a0Durante o culto matutino de Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1<\/i>, a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o d\u00e1 sete voltas ao redor do\u00a0bim\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0\u00a0(mesa de leitura da Tor\u00e1) enquanto segura as quatro esp\u00e9cies, em vez de uma volta como em todos os outros dias da festa.\u00a0Por que sete?\u00a0Nos textos Judaicos, podemos encontrar v\u00e1rias explica\u00e7\u00f5es.\u00a0Alguns dizem que as sete voltas correspondem \u00e0s sete palavras Hebraicas no vers\u00edculo: <\/span>\u00abLavo as m\u00e3os na inoc\u00eancia e, assim, andarei, Senhor, ao redor do seu altar<\/span><\/i>\u00bb.[1]<\/a>\u00a0Obviamente, essas sete voltas correspondem as sete voltas em Jeric\u00f3 dadas por Josu\u00e9 e seu ex\u00e9rcito;\u00a0portanto, alguns coment\u00e1rios dizem que o objetivo dessas voltas \u00e9 derrubar o muro que nos separa de nosso Pai Celestial, como o muro de Jeric\u00f3 caiu.<\/span><\/p>\n

As ora\u00e7\u00f5es recitadas pelos adoradores durante essas voltas s\u00e3o chamadas de ora\u00e7\u00f5es de Hoshan\u00f3t<\/i>, devido ao seu constante refr\u00e3o:\u00a0<\/span>\u05d4\u05d5\u05e9\u05e2\u05e0\u05d0 , (Hoshan\u00e1<\/em>)\u00a0\u2014por favor, salve!\u2014\u00a0Em alguns lugares, os hoshan\u00f3t\u00a0<\/em>s\u00e3o acompanhados pelos vers\u00edculos lit\u00fargicos orando pela vinda do Messias.\u00a0Na conclus\u00e3o do culto, os adoradores batem no ch\u00e3o com galhos de salgueiro, simbolizando assim a elimina\u00e7\u00e3o do pecado.<\/p>\n

Por que salgueiro?\u00a0Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1\u00a0<\/i>\u00e9 tamb\u00e9m o auge do julgamento da \u00e1gua.\u00a0Em Sukk\u00f3t<\/i>, somos julgados em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 quantidade de chuva que cair\u00e1 no pr\u00f3ximo ano, e a decis\u00e3o sobre a \u00e1gua n\u00e3o ser\u00e1 finalizada at\u00e9 o final da festa.\u00a0Esta \u00e9 a raz\u00e3o pela qual o salgueiro, a planta <\/span>\u00abdo riacho<\/span><\/i>\u00bb,[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>\u00a0ocupa um lugar central na liturgia de Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1\u00a0<\/i><\/span>\u2014<\/span>e al\u00e9m das quatro esp\u00e9cies levadas todos os dias do Sukk\u00f3t<\/i><\/span>\u2014<\/span>, h\u00e1 uma tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de levar galhos de salgueiro adicionais neste s\u00e9timo dia especial do festival.<\/span><\/p>\n

Os rios… em Jerusal\u00e9m!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Deve-se notar que os rituais modernos de Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1<\/em> s\u00e3o uma reminisc\u00eancia das pr\u00e1ticas do Templo em Jerusal\u00e9m.\u00a0Na verdade, encontramos uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o dos mesmos rituais na Mishn\u00e1<\/em>.\u00a0Tudo isso se torna especialmente interessante se lembrarmos que foi neste mesmo dia, <\/span>\u00abno \u00faltimo e grande dia<\/span>\u00bb\u00a0da Festa dos Tabern\u00e1culos, quando Jesus clamou suas famosas palavras: <\/span>\u00abQuem crer \u00a0em mim, como diz a Escritura do seu cora\u00e7\u00e3o fluir\u00e3o rios de \u00e1gua viva<\/span><\/i>\u00bb.<\/em>[3]<\/strong><\/em><\/a> \u00c9 disso que Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1\u00a0<\/em>trata: salva\u00e7\u00e3o e \u00e1gua \u2014e agora come\u00e7amos a entender por que Jesus usaria palavras conectadas \u00e0s imagens da \u00e1gua enquanto falava da salva\u00e7\u00e3o\u2014.<\/p>\n

A Cerim\u00f4nia de Liba\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00c1gua no Templo era o auge da celebra\u00e7\u00e3o de Sukk\u00f3t<\/em>.\u00a0Sukk\u00f3t\u00a0<\/em>\u00e9 o come\u00e7o da esta\u00e7\u00e3o das chuvas em Israel e, como mencionei anteriormente, a decis\u00e3o de Deus de quanta chuva cair\u00e1 no pr\u00f3ximo ano \u00e9 feita e finalizada at\u00e9 o final da festa.\u00a0A liba\u00e7\u00e3o da \u00e1gua era realizada para invocar as b\u00ean\u00e7\u00e3os de Deus nas chuvas do ano.\u00a0Durante a cerim\u00f4nia, uma grande prociss\u00e3o carregando \u00e1gua passaria por Jerusal\u00e9m e circundaria o Templo, e ent\u00e3o a \u00e1gua seria derramada sobre o altar.\u00a0A descri\u00e7\u00e3o desta cerim\u00f4nia pode ser encontrada na Mishn\u00e1<\/em>.\u00a0A alegria que a acompanhava era t\u00e3o grande que se tornou um prov\u00e9rbio: \u00abQuem n\u00e3o viu Simj\u00e1t-bet-ha-Sho’eb\u00e1<\/em>, a alegria da retirada (e do derramamento) da \u00e1gua n\u00e3o viu alegria em sua vida\u00bb. \u00c9 no contexto desta celebra\u00e7\u00e3o, enquanto a prociss\u00e3o com \u00e1gua estava caminhando por Jerusal\u00e9m, que Jesus fala Suas famosas palavras sobre \u00abrios de \u00e1gua viva\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00c9 importante entender que <\/span>\u00abembora os rabinos tenham atribu\u00eddo significado simb\u00f3lico ao cerimonial em conex\u00e3o com a dispensa\u00e7\u00e3o da chuva\u2026 a principal refer\u00eancia, segundo eles mesmos,\u2026 era paras as futuras b\u00ean\u00e7\u00e3os que lhes seriam concedidas no tempo do Messias, e especialmente apontavam para o derramamento do Esp\u00edrito, como pode ser visto na declara\u00e7\u00e3o inequ\u00edvoca do Talmude: \u201cPor que \u00e9 chamado Bet-ha-Sho’eb<\/em>\u00e1?\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0.\u00a0Por causa do\u00a0derramamento do Esp\u00edrito Santo<\/b>, de acordo com o que \u00e9 dito: ‘Com alegria tirareis \u00e1gua das fontes da salva\u00e7\u00e3o’\u201d<\/span>\u00bb.[4]<\/a><\/p>\n

Uma vez que entendemos esse contexto uma vez que entendemos que, embora n\u00e3o fa\u00e7a parte da designa\u00e7\u00e3o Mosaica original, <\/span>\u2014<\/span>o servi\u00e7o cerimonial da Liba\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00c1gua tamb\u00e9m apontava e enfatizava o significado simb\u00f3lico e prof\u00e9tico do Sukk\u00f3t<\/em><\/span>\u2014 <\/span>as palavras de Jesus de Jo\u00e3o 7\u00a0adquirem um significado ainda mais profundo e rico.\u00a0Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1<\/em>\u00a0\u00e9 sobre salva\u00e7\u00e3o e \u00e1gua <\/span>\u2014<\/span>e \u00e9 no contexto de Hoshan\u00e1 Rab\u00e1\u00a0<\/em>que Jesus fala de duas coisas<\/span>\u2014<\/span>: salva\u00e7\u00e3o e \u00e1gua!\u00a0<\/span>Ele prometeu <\/span>\u00abrios<\/span><\/i>\u00a0de\u00a0\u00e1gua viva<\/i><\/span>\u00bb\u00a0\u2014<\/span><\/em>e, como o Talmude mais tarde<\/span>\u2014<\/span>, ele tamb\u00e9m <\/span>\u00abisto ele disse com respeito ao Esp\u00edrito<\/span><\/i><\/b>, que haviam de receber os que nele cressem<\/span><\/i><\/em>\u00bb.[5]<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0SalmoS 26:6.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Lev\u00edtico 23:40.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Jo\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span>7:38.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> David Baron, Types, Psalms and Prophecies, <\/em>Israel,2000, p.64<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Jo\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span>7:39.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jol Ham\u00f3ed Ainda estamos nos \u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios de Sukk\u00f3t\u00bb (Festa dos Tabern\u00e1culos), e provavelmente \u00e9 um bom momento para esclarecer essa express\u00e3o: o que realmente significa quando dizemos: Jol Ham\u00f3ed\u00a0(\u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios de Sukk\u00f3t\u00bb)? Em Lev\u00edtico 23, lemos sobre\u00a0Moad\u00e9i Adon\u00e1i \u2014as festas b\u00edblicas\u2014,\u00a0os momentos especiais do Senhor\u00a0encontrando com seu povo.\u00a0Existem apenas dois festivais nesta lista que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":13098,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[395],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13099","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jewish-studies"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nO \u00daltimo e Grande Dia da Festa - Israel Institute of Biblical Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jol Ham\u00f3ed Ainda estamos nos \u00abdias intermedi\u00e1rios de Sukk\u00f3t\u00bb (Festa dos Tabern\u00e1culos), e provavelmente \u00e9 um bom momento para esclarecer essa express\u00e3o: o\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/o-ultimo-e-grande-dia-da-festa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O \u00daltimo e Grande Dia da Festa - 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