{"id":45272,"date":"2021-03-18T12:12:29","date_gmt":"2021-03-18T09:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iibsblogsstg.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=16977"},"modified":"2025-08-13T11:40:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T11:40:52","slug":"vayakhel-doadores-generosos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/vayakhel-doadores-generosos\/","title":{"rendered":"Vayak’h\u00e9l: Doadores Generosos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shabat<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

A primeira coisa que Mois\u00e9s fez no in\u00edcio desta por\u00e7\u00e3o, depois de reunir\u00a0\u00abtoda a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o dos Israelitas<\/em>\u00bb,\u00a0foi lembrar ao povo de guardar o\u00a0shabat<\/em>. \u00abTendo Mois\u00e9s convocado toda a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o dos filhos de Israel, disse-lhes: “S\u00e3o estas as palavras que o Senhor ordenou que se cumprissem. Trabalhareis seis dias, mas o s\u00e9timo dia vos ser\u00e1 santo, o shabat do repouso solene ao Senhor; quem nele trabalhar morrer\u00e1\u201d<\/em>\u00bb.[1]<\/a><\/strong> Esta n\u00e3o \u00e9 a primeira nem a \u00faltima vez que o povo de Israel ouve sobre o\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0de seu l\u00edder: A import\u00e2ncia do\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0nas Escrituras Hebraicas n\u00e3o pode ser superestimada.\u00a0E o Novo Testamento?\u00a0Ainda considera o\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0como \u00abum dia santo para o Senhor?\u00bb.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1 uma disputa bem conhecida a respeito de Jesus guardar ou violar o\u00a0shabat<\/em>, e muito foi dito e escrito sobre esse assunto.\u00a0No entanto, ainda hoje, ao ler sobre a cura de Jesus no\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0e sentir essa tens\u00e3o quase palp\u00e1vel entre Ele e aqueles que \u00abo\u00a0estavam\u00a0observando para ver se Ele o curaria no shabat, a fim de o acusarem<\/em>\u00bb,<\/em>[2]<\/a><\/strong> voc\u00eas ainda se perguntam se, de fato, Jesus violou o\u00a0shabat<\/em>?<\/p>\n

Primeiro, temos que deixar clara qual a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de viola\u00e7\u00e3o do\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0que temos em mente.\u00a0Na\u00a0halaj\u00e1\u00a0<\/em>Judaica de\u00a0hoje, tratar quest\u00f5es m\u00e9dicas menores e sem risco de vida no\u00a0shabat\u00a0<\/em>\u00e9 proibido, mas salvar vidas no\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas permitido, mas tamb\u00e9m um dever.\u00a0No entanto, embora a viola\u00e7\u00e3o do\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0para cura que salva vidas seja uma pr\u00e1tica aceita hoje, no s\u00e9culo I esse princ\u00edpio provavelmente ainda n\u00e3o tinha sido claramente definido.\u00a0\u00c9 por isso que\u00a0o \u00abchefe da sinagoga\u00a0ficou\u00a0indignado porque Jesus curava no shabat<\/em>\u00bb.[3]<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0 Nesse sentido, o testemunho dos Evangelhos \u00e9 extremamente significativo: pela primeira vez, vemos aqui o Rabino Judeu Yesh\u00faa permitindo e realizando cura no\u00a0shabat<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Claro, Jesus n\u00e3o quebrou um mandamento dado por Deus.\u00a0No entanto, Ele quebrou a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o contempor\u00e2nea de guardar o\u00a0shabat<\/em>\u00a0a qualquer custo.\u00a0Notavelmente, os Evangelhos s\u00e3o a \u00fanica fonte que temos no s\u00e9culo I onde a cura \u00e9 permitida e realizada no\u00a0shabat<\/em>.\u00a0Na verdade, Jesus defende \u2014talvez at\u00e9 mesmo estabele\u00e7a\u2014 a mesma abordagem que mais tarde, embora ligeiramente modificada, se tornar\u00e1 normativa no Juda\u00edsmo Rab\u00ednico.\u00a0Quanto mais sabemos sobre o Juda\u00edsmo, mais interessante se torna essa din\u00e2mica entre o ensino de Jesus e o Juda\u00edsmo do s\u00e9culo I.<\/p>\n


\nDoadores alegres<\/strong><\/p>\n

A ideia de dar voluntariamente e com alegria (incluindo esmola) \u00e9 muito difundida no Juda\u00edsmo, e podemos encontrar sua express\u00e3o em diferentes textos Judaicos.\u00a0No entanto, a primeira vez na Tor\u00e1 quando vemos pessoas doando de boa vontade e com alegria para o Senhor e sua causa, \u00e9 a constru\u00e7\u00e3o do tabern\u00e1culo.\u00a0Lemos que os Israelitas no deserto foram inspirados por Deus e trouxeram suas ofertas com alegria: \u00abtodo homem, cujo cora\u00e7\u00e3o o moveu e cujo esp\u00edrito o impeliu, e trouxe a oferta \u00a0ao Senhor<\/em>\u00bb.[4]<\/a><\/strong> O Novo Testamento continua a ver essa doa\u00e7\u00e3o ao Senhor como um privil\u00e9gio alegre e at\u00e9 mesmo um ato de adora\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0Paulo exorta a comunidade dos Cor\u00edntios da Nova Alian\u00e7a a serem \u00abdoadores alegres\u00bb assim como Deus exortou os Israelitas a serem doadores volunt\u00e1rios e generosos.<\/p>\n


\nCheio do Esp\u00edrito<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nas por\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores, vimos \u00abEis que o Senhor chamou pelo nome a Bezal\u00e9l, filho de Uri, filho de Hur, da tribo de Jud\u00e1<\/em>\u00bb e\u00a0\u00abele o encheu\u00a0do esp\u00edrito divino<\/strong><\/em>\u00bb,<\/em>[5]<\/a> <\/strong>dando-lhe sabedoria, entendimento e conhecimento.\u00a0Sabemos tamb\u00e9m que a ideia de ser \u00abcheio do Esp\u00edrito de Deus\u00bb \u00e9 desenvolvida no Novo Testamento por Paulo;\u00a0de acordo com Paulo, o Esp\u00edrito poderia e deveria ser manifestado em cada pessoa<\/span>.[6]<\/a><\/strong> No entanto, e quanto ao pr\u00f3prio Paulo?\u00a0Ele foi chamado por Deus e cheio do esp\u00edrito?\u00a0Aqui, realmente vemos a continuidade entre o Novo Testamento e a Tor\u00e1.\u00a0De acordo com o Novo Testamento, antes de Paulo se tornar servo de Jesus \u2014e para que ele se tornasse seu servo\u2014 primeiro Jesus teve que escolher o pr\u00f3prio Paulo e ench\u00ea-lo com o esp\u00edrito, equipando-o assim espiritualmente, exatamente como Deus escolheu Bezal\u00e9l, enchendo-o com o esp\u00edrito e capacitando-o para um servi\u00e7o especial a Deus.\u00a0\u00abEnt\u00e3o Ananias foi e, entrando na casa, imp\u00f4s sobre ele as m\u00e3os dizendo: \u201cSaulo, irm\u00e3o, o Senhor me enviou, a saber, o pr\u00f3prio Jesus, que te apareceu no caminho por onde vinhas, para que recuperes a vista e\u00a0fiques cheio do Esp\u00edrito Santo\u201d<\/em><\/span>\u00bb.[7]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Assim, o Novo Testamento continua com o mesmo padr\u00e3o que \u00e9 aparente na Tor\u00e1: para servir a Deus, \u00e9 preciso primeiro estar cheio do Esp\u00edrito de Deus.<\/p>\n


\nO altar de incenso na hist\u00f3ria de Jesus\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Surpreendentemente, h\u00e1 outro detalhe desta por\u00e7\u00e3o que entrou no Novo Testamento;\u00a0tem a ver com o culto Judaico.\u00a0Lemos a descri\u00e7\u00e3o do altar do incenso:\u00a0\u00abFez\u00a0de madeira de ac\u00e1cia\u00a0o altar do incenso, tinha um c\u00f4vado de comprimento, e um de largura;\u00a0era quadrado e dois de altura;\u00a0os chifres formavam uma s\u00f3 pe\u00e7a com ele<\/em>\u00bb.<\/em>[8]<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0Encontramos este altar no Novo Testamento?\u00a0A maioria dos Crist\u00e3os provavelmente responderia negativamente a essa pergunta e, ainda assim, o leitor atento n\u00e3o perder\u00e1 os diferentes detalhes do culto Judaico mencionados pelo Novo Testamento.\u00a0Assim, no primeiro cap\u00edtulo do Evangelho de Lucas, lemos sobre Zacarias:<\/p>\n

\u00abOra, aconteceu que exercendo ele diante de Deus o sacerd\u00f3cio na ordem do seu turno, coube-lhe por sorte, segundo o costume sacerdotal, entrar no santu\u00e1rio do Senhor para queimar o incenso; e durante esse tempo, toda a multid\u00e3o do povo permanecia da parte de fora, orando. E eis que lhe apareceu um anjo do Senhor, em p\u00e9, \u00e0 direita\u00a0do altar do incenso<\/strong><\/em>\u00bb.[9]<\/strong><\/a> \u00a0<\/strong><\/sup><\/p>\n

N\u00e3o h\u00e1 d\u00favida de que esses detalhes na narrativa do Novo Testamento servem ao prop\u00f3sito de enfatizar a continuidade entre as Escrituras Hebraicas e o Novo Testamento.\u00a0Ao abrir seu Evangelho com uma cena no templo de Jerusal\u00e9m, Lucas est\u00e1, sem d\u00favida, \u00abancorando Jesus na tradi\u00e7\u00e3o Judaica<\/em>\u00bb.[10]<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0De acordo com\u00a0Lucas, um anjo do Senhor anuncia, n\u00e3o apenas o nascimento milagroso de um filho ao casal de idosos, mas anuncia o nascimento do precursor do Messias.\u00a0O fato de este anjo aparecer a Zacarias durante o sacrif\u00edcio do incenso noturno, \u00abno\u00a0lado direito\u00a0<\/em>do altar do incenso<\/em><\/strong>\u00bb,\u00a0significa que a hist\u00f3ria de Jesus come\u00e7a em um ambiente inteiramente Judaico \u2014no Templo Judaico\u2014.<\/div>\n

[1]<\/a> \u00caxodo 35:1-2.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Marcos 3:1-6.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Lucas 13:14.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u00caxodo 35:21.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u00caxodo 35:30-31.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> 1 Corintios 12:7-11.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0Atos 9:17.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> \u00caxodo 37:25.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> \u00a0Lucas 1:8-11.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> The Jewish Annotated New Testament (p. 2). Oxford University Press. Kindle Edition.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
Gostaria de lembrar a voc\u00eas,\u00a0caros\u00a0amigos,\u00a0que eTeacher oferece um curso maravilhoso, onde voc\u00eas podem aprender com os coment\u00e1rios da Parash\u00e1t Shav\u00faa junto com a sua interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o do Novo Testamento.\u00a0Como sempre, sintam-se \u00e0 vontade para entrar em contato comigo para obter mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es. Al\u00e9m disso, se\u00a0voc\u00eas gostarem dos artigos neste blog, talvez tamb\u00e9m gostem dos meus livros, voc\u00eas podem obt\u00ea-los aqui.<\/a><\/span><\/i><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Shabat A primeira coisa que Mois\u00e9s fez no in\u00edcio desta por\u00e7\u00e3o, depois de reunir\u00a0\u00abtoda a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o dos Israelitas\u00bb,\u00a0foi lembrar ao povo de guardar o\u00a0shabat. \u00abTendo Mois\u00e9s convocado toda a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o dos filhos de Israel, disse-lhes: “S\u00e3o estas as palavras que o Senhor ordenou que se cumprissem. Trabalhareis seis dias, mas o s\u00e9timo dia vos ser\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":44611,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[395],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jewish-studies"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nVayak'h\u00e9l: Doadores Generosos - Israel Institute of Biblical Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Shabat A primeira coisa que Mois\u00e9s fez no in\u00edcio desta por\u00e7\u00e3o, depois de reunir\u00a0\u00abtoda a congrega\u00e7\u00e3o dos Israelitas\u00bb,\u00a0foi lembrar ao povo de guardar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/vayakhel-doadores-generosos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vayak'h\u00e9l: Doadores Generosos - 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