{"id":45296,"date":"2021-09-02T10:47:11","date_gmt":"2021-09-02T07:47:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iibsblogsstg.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=17296"},"modified":"2025-08-13T11:40:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T11:40:46","slug":"o-dia-de-tocar-o-shofar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/o-dia-de-tocar-o-shofar\/","title":{"rendered":"O Dia de Tocar o Shof\u00e1r"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dois anos novos<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Shal\u00f3m<\/em> e J\u00e1g Sam\u00e9aj<\/em>, queridos amigos!\u00a0Os Grandes Dias Santos est\u00e3o quase chegando;\u00a0em Israel, estamos entrando em uma temporada chamada\u00a0Jag\u00edm<\/i>: Festas ou F\u00e9rias e, como sempre, faremos uma pausa em nossa s\u00e9rie atual a fim de olhar para estes dias especiais.\u00a0Continuaremos nossa discuss\u00e3o sobre o livro de Atos\u00a0Ajer\u00e9i haJag\u00edm \u2014<\/i>\u00abdepois dos feriados\u00bb\u2014.\u00a0Por enquanto, falaremos sobre as Grandes Festas, e como a primeira \u00e9 a\u00a0\u00abFesta das Trombetas\u00bb, este ser\u00e1 o nosso assunto de hoje.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Voc\u00eas provavelmente conhecem este feriado como\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1 \u2014<\/i>Ano Novo Judaico\u2014.\u00a0Como sempre, aqueles que est\u00e3o apenas come\u00e7ando a se interessar pelos estudos Judaicos podem encontrar algumas informa\u00e7\u00f5es b\u00e1sicas neste t\u00edtulo.\u00a0R\u00f3sh<\/i>\u00a0\u00e9 a palavra Hebraica para \u00abcabe\u00e7a\u00bb,\u00a0h\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0\u00e9 o artigo definido \u00aba\u00bb e\u00a0shan<\/i>\u00e1<\/em> significa \u00abano\u00bb.\u00a0Assim,\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1\u00a0<\/i>significa\u00a0\u00abCabe\u00e7a [do] Ano\u00bb\u00a0, referindo-se ao ano novo Judaico (a prop\u00f3sito, um dos quatro \u00abanos novos\u00bb em Israel).\u00a0Mas \u00e9 o Ano Novo B\u00edblico?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Surpreendentemente, o termo\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1\u00a0<\/i>em seu significado atual n\u00e3o aparece na B\u00edblia.\u00a0Lev\u00edtico 23:24<\/a>\u00a0se refere ao festival do primeiro dia do s\u00e9timo m\u00eas como\u00a0Zikhr\u00f3n Teru’\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0([um] memorial [do]\u00a0toque\u00a0[de trombetas]);\u00a0tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 referido na mesma parte de Lev\u00edtico como (\u2018\u05e9\u05b7\u05c1\u05d1\u05b7\u05bc\u05ea \u05e9\u05b7\u05c1\u05d1\u05b8\u05bc\u05ea\u05d5\u05b9\u05df\u2019; shab\u00e1t shabat\u00f3n<\/em>) \u00a0e um \u00abdia santo para Deus\u00bb;\u00a0N\u00fameros 29:1<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0chama o festival de\u00a0Y\u00f3m Teru’\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0(\u00abDia [de] tocar [a trombeta]\u00bb) e especifica os diferentes sacrif\u00edcios que deveriam ser realizados.\u00a0Assim, o nome Hebraico b\u00edblico para este feriado \u00e9 (\u05d9\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05ea\u05b0\u05bc\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b8\u05d4; Y\u00f3m Teru\u00e1<\/em>), literalmente \u00abdia [de] gritos\/explos\u00f5es\u00bb, e geralmente \u00e9 traduzido como a\u00a0\u00abFesta das Trombetas\u00bb.\u00a0N\u00e3o h\u00e1 nada na Tor\u00e1 que indique que esta \u00e9 a festa de Ano Novo, e ainda\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>, a celebra\u00e7\u00e3o do Ano Novo, hoje \u00e9 um dos festivais mais importantes no calend\u00e1rio Judaico.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Muitas pessoas ficam confusas quanto a isto.\u00a0Sim, no Juda\u00edsmo de hoje, o Ano Novo Judaico (R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>) \u00e9 celebrado no primeiro dia do m\u00eas Judaico de\u00a0Tishr\u00e9i<\/i>;\u00a0por outro lado, temos instru\u00e7\u00f5es b\u00edblicas claras a respeito do primeiro m\u00eas.\u00a0Em\u00a0\u00caxodo 12:2<\/a>, lemos: \u00abEste m\u00eas vos ser\u00e1 o principal dos meses: ser\u00e1\u00a0o primeiro m\u00eas do ano<\/b><\/i>\u00bb.\u00a0<\/i>Portanto, de acordo com a B\u00edblia e o calend\u00e1rio b\u00edblico, o m\u00eas da P\u00e1scoa \u2014Nis\u00e1n<\/em> (ou Av\u00ed<\/em>v)\u2014 \u00e9 o primeiro m\u00eas do ano, e o primeiro dia deste m\u00eas deveria realmente ser\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1 \u2014<\/i>o in\u00edcio de um Ano Novo\u2014.\u00a0Assim, vemos dois calend\u00e1rios diferentes: o calend\u00e1rio Judaico, observando o Ano Novo no primeiro dia do\u00a0m\u00eas de\u00a0Tishr\u00e9i<\/i>\u00a0<\/b>(Outono), e o calend\u00e1rio B\u00edblico, come\u00e7ando no ano a partir\u00a0do m\u00eas de\u00a0Nis\u00e1n<\/i><\/b>\u00a0(primavera).\u00a0A quest\u00e3o \u00e9: como a Festa b\u00edblica das Trombetas se tornou o Festival de Ano Novo \u2014R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>?\u2014. Existe alguma base b\u00edblica para isso?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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O contexto e a hist\u00f3ria \u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Os estudiosos acreditam que o Ano Novo Judaico s\u00f3 poderia ser entendido de maneira adequada no contexto das tradi\u00e7\u00f5es do Ano Novo do Antigo Oriente Pr\u00f3ximo.\u00a0Por exemplo, o Ano Novo da Mesopot\u00e2mia, \u00abdependendo da hora e do lugar, come\u00e7ava no in\u00edcio do outono, no primeiro dia do s\u00e9timo m\u00eas, chamado\u00a0Tashritu, que significa literalmente “in\u00edcio”, ou no in\u00edcio da primavera, no primeiro dia do primeiro m\u00eas, chamado\u00a0Nisannu, originalmente uma palavra Sum\u00e9ria que significa \u00abPrim\u00edcias (oferendas)<\/em>\u00bb.[1]<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0Vemos que at\u00e9 os nomes de ambos os meses falam de \u00abcome\u00e7os\u00bb e toda esta tradi\u00e7\u00e3o corresponde perfeitamente aos dois Anos Novos do calend\u00e1rio Judaico (especialmente se compararmos esses nomes dos meses da Mesopot\u00e2mia com os meses Hebraicos de\u00a0Tishr\u00e9i<\/i>\u00a0e\u00a0Nis\u00e1n<\/i>).\u00a0Seja como uma influ\u00eancia direta da Babil\u00f4nia, ou como uma influ\u00eancia indireta atrav\u00e9s das culturas S\u00edria e Canan\u00e9ia, o contexto do Antigo Oriente Pr\u00f3ximo certamente lan\u00e7a luz sobre a celebra\u00e7\u00e3o de\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>.\u00a0J\u00e1 na literatura Rab\u00ednica primitiva, o primeiro dia do s\u00e9timo m\u00eas, que \u00e9 o primeiro dia do m\u00eas de\u00a0Tishr\u00e9i<\/i>, era considerado o Ano Novo \u2014um dia de julgamento e tamb\u00e9m o dia da entroniza\u00e7\u00e3o e realeza de Deus\u2014.\u00a0Mas como isso foi ligado \u00e0 B\u00edblia?<\/p>\n

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A maioria dos estudiosos concorda que um elo perdido com a B\u00edblia foi encontrado no toque do shof\u00e1r<\/em>.\u00a0Como vimos, em Lev\u00edtico e N\u00fameros, o primeiro dia do s\u00e9timo m\u00eas \u00e9 considerado\u00a0y\u00f3m teru’\u00e1, o dia do <\/i>\u00abToque (do\u00a0shof\u00e1r<\/i>)\u00bb.\u00a0<\/i>O toque do\u00a0shof\u00e1r<\/i>\u00a0\u00e9 um s\u00edmbolo importante de entroniza\u00e7\u00e3o e realeza.\u00a0Os estudiosos sugeriram que o toque do\u00a0shof\u00e1r<\/i>\u00a0indica a entroniza\u00e7\u00e3o de Deus para o Ano Novo: no\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>, Deus criou o mundo e, ao tocar nossos\u00a0shof\u00e1r<\/i>, n\u00f3s O proclamamos como nosso Rei.\u00a0Assim, estamos chegando ao tema principal das Grandes Festas.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Deus \u00e9 Rei<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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A realeza de Deus \u00e9 o tema principal de\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0e os Dez Dias de Temor que ele inaugura.\u00a0As ora\u00e7\u00f5es especiais para estes dias est\u00e3o repletas de refer\u00eancias a Deus como Rei.\u00a0Como os comentaristas Judeus explicam esta conex\u00e3o entre\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1\u00a0<\/i>e a realeza de Deus?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ao iniciar um novo ano do calend\u00e1rio Judaico,\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0comemora o anivers\u00e1rio da cria\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0No entanto, o dia que celebramos como\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>, o primeiro de\u00a0Tishr\u00e9i<\/i>, n\u00e3o \u00e9 realmente considerado o anivers\u00e1rio da cria\u00e7\u00e3o em si, ao contr\u00e1rio, \u00e9 o anivers\u00e1rio do sexto dia da cria\u00e7\u00e3o, quando Ad\u00e3o e Eva foram criados.\u00a0O anivers\u00e1rio do primeiro dia da cria\u00e7\u00e3o seria cinco dias antes, no vig\u00e9simo quinto dia de\u00a0El\u00fal<\/i>.\u00a0Porque?\u00a0Porque, de acordo com o entendimento Judaico, foi somente quando o homem foi criado que toda a cria\u00e7\u00e3o se tornou significativa.\u00a0Vemos isso claramente no primeiro cap\u00edtulo da Tor\u00e1, onde a lenta ascens\u00e3o do drama c\u00f3smico culmina na cria\u00e7\u00e3o do homem.\u00a0Ao lermos a descri\u00e7\u00e3o de cada dia da cria\u00e7\u00e3o, sentimos a constru\u00e7\u00e3o da hist\u00f3ria \u00a0e, em seguida, em\u00a0G\u00eanesis 1:26-27<\/a>chegamos ao cl\u00edmax:\u00a0\u00abEnt\u00e3o Deus criou o homem \u00e0 sua imagem…<\/i>\u00bb.\u00a0\u00a0<\/i>Na tradi\u00e7\u00e3o Rab\u00ednica, \u00e9 apenas o nascimento da humanidade que tornou poss\u00edvel a Deus ser proclamado Rei.\u00a0Portanto, quando tocamos o\u00a0shof\u00e1r<\/i>\u00a0neste dia, \u00e9 semelhante a uma coroa\u00e7\u00e3o: proclamamos a entroniza\u00e7\u00e3o de Deus e o reinado de Deus por mais um ano.\u00a0Esta \u00e9 a raz\u00e3o pela qual a\u00a0ora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/i>\u00a0Av\u00ednu Malk\u00e9inu<\/i>\u00a0(Nosso Pai, nosso Rei)\u00a0\u00a0\u00e9 recitada diariamente a partir do\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0ao\u00a0Y\u00f3m Kip\u00far<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 o Dia de Julgamento:\u00a0Y\u00f3m haD\u00edn<\/i>\u00a0.\u00a0De acordo com o tratado do\u00a0Talm\u00fad<\/i>\u00a0sobre\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>, tr\u00eas livros s\u00e3o abertos neste dia: o livro da vida para os justos, o livro da morte para os mais malvados, que recebem o selo da morte, e um terceiro livro para uma classe intermedi\u00e1ria.\u00a0A classe intermedi\u00e1ria tem um per\u00edodo de dez dias, at\u00e9 o\u00a0Y\u00f3m Kip\u00far<\/i>, para refletir e se arrepender – o julgamento final n\u00e3o ocorre at\u00e9 o\u00a0Y\u00f3m Kip\u00far<\/i>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

As tradi\u00e7\u00f5es de\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1\u00a0<\/i>incluem comparecer aos servi\u00e7os da sinagoga, tocar o\u00a0shof\u00e1r\u00a0<\/i>e recitar liturgia especial e, claro, desfrutar de refei\u00e7\u00f5es festivas e comer alimentos simb\u00f3licos, como ma\u00e7\u00e3s mergulhadas no mel, esperando e desejando a todos\u00a0 (\u05e9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05d5\u05e7\u05d4; Shan\u00e1 Metuk\u00e1<\/em>) \u2014Un Dulce A\u00f1o Nuevo!\u2014.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0A leitura da Tor\u00e1 para\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>\u00a0est\u00e1 nos Cap\u00edtulos 21 e 22 do livro de G\u00eanesis.\u00a0\u00c9 imposs\u00edvel superestimar o significado destes cap\u00edtulos no mist\u00e9rio de Deus.\u00a0Da pr\u00f3xima vez, ao examinarmos esta leitura especial de\u00a0R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1<\/i>, gostaria de compartilhar algumas experi\u00eancias pessoais relacionadas a esta leitura e mesmo que estes sejam cap\u00edtulos de minha jornada pessoal, ainda espero que eles toquem alguns cora\u00e7\u00f5es e mentes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Dr. Uri Gabbai, Babylonian Rosh Hashanah, https:\/\/www.thetorah.com\/article\/babylonian-rosh-hashanah-battle-creation-enthronement-and-justice<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

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O Ano Novo \u00e9 uma \u00e9poca de presentes, ent\u00e3o aqui est\u00e1 o meu presente de R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1 para voc\u00eas: durante esses dias especiais, de 5 a 9 de setembro, voc\u00eas podem baixar uma c\u00f3pia gratuita do meu livro \u00abIn The Beginning\u00bb da s\u00e9rie \u00abThe Bible Stories You Didn\u2019t Know\u00bb.\u00a0Enviar este livro para voc\u00eas como um presente de R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1 tem um significado especial: R\u00f3sh haShan\u00e1 comemora a cria\u00e7\u00e3o, e este livro apresenta uma vis\u00e3o Hebraica da hist\u00f3ria da cria\u00e7\u00e3o, nos primeiros vers\u00edculos e cap\u00edtulos do livro de G\u00eanesis.\u00a0Para obter este e meus outros livros, cliquem aqui<\/u><\/a>.<\/em><\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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J\u00c1G SAM\u00c9AJ<\/em>, meus queridos leitores!\u00a0SHAN\u00c1 TOV\u00c1 VE-METUK\u00c1<\/em>!\u00a0Desejo a todos um Ano Novo muito aben\u00e7oado e doce!\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dois anos novos Shal\u00f3m e J\u00e1g Sam\u00e9aj, queridos amigos!\u00a0Os Grandes Dias Santos est\u00e3o quase chegando;\u00a0em Israel, estamos entrando em uma temporada chamada\u00a0Jag\u00edm: Festas ou F\u00e9rias e, como sempre, faremos uma pausa em nossa s\u00e9rie atual a fim de olhar para estes dias especiais.\u00a0Continuaremos nossa discuss\u00e3o sobre o livro de Atos\u00a0Ajer\u00e9i haJag\u00edm \u2014\u00abdepois dos feriados\u00bb\u2014.\u00a0Por enquanto, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":44643,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[395],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jewish-studies"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nO Dia de Tocar o Shof\u00e1r - Israel Institute of Biblical Studies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dois anos novos Shal\u00f3m e J\u00e1g Sam\u00e9aj, queridos amigos!\u00a0Os Grandes Dias Santos est\u00e3o quase chegando;\u00a0em Israel, estamos entrando em uma temporada\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/israelbiblicalstudies.com\/pt\/blog\/category\/jewish-studies\/o-dia-de-tocar-o-shofar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O Dia de Tocar o Shof\u00e1r - 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